The Two-Audience Challenge
Your resume needs to satisfy two very different readers:
- ATS (Applicant Tracking Systems): Software that parses your resume's text and ranks it based on keywords
- Humans: Recruiters and hiring managers who scan visually for 6-7 seconds
The challenge? ATS prefers plain text, while humans prefer visual hierarchy and design. The solution? Smart formatting that works for both.
The ATS-Friendly Resume Format
✅ What ATS Can Read
- Standard fonts (Arial, Calibri, Georgia, Times New Roman)
- Simple bullet points
- Standard section headings
- Plain text in Word (.docx) or clean PDF
- Left-aligned text
- Standard margins (0.5" - 1")
❌ What Confuses ATS
- Headers and footers (important info gets lost)
- Tables and columns
- Text boxes
- Images, logos, or photos
- Fancy fonts or decorative elements
- Unusual section names ("My Journey" instead of "Experience")
The Ideal Resume Structure
Standard ATS-Optimized Layout
- Contact Information (in main body, not header)
- Full name (larger font, bold)
- Phone number
- Email address
- LinkedIn URL
- City, State (zip code optional)
- Professional Summary or Objective (2-4 lines)
- Work Experience (reverse chronological)
- Education
- Skills
- Optional Sections:
- Certifications
- Projects
- Publications
- Volunteer Experience
Font and Typography Guidelines
Best Fonts for Resumes
- Calibri: Modern, clean, highly readable (top choice)
- Arial: Classic, safe, universally compatible
- Georgia: Serif option that's still ATS-friendly
- Helvetica: Clean and professional
- Times New Roman: Traditional, slightly dated but acceptable
Font Sizes
- Your name: 16-20pt, bold
- Section headings: 12-14pt, bold
- Body text: 10-12pt (11pt is optimal)
- Minimum readable size: Never below 10pt
Spacing and Margins
Optimal Spacing:
- Margins: 0.5" - 1" on all sides
- Line spacing: 1.0 or 1.15
- Space between sections: 0.5 - 0.75 lines
- Space after bullets: 0.25 - 0.5 lines
💡 Pro Tip: If your resume is running onto a second page by just a few lines, reduce margins to 0.7" or adjust spacing slightly before cutting content.
Bullet Points That Work
Use simple, standard bullet points:
- ✅ Standard round bullet (•)
- ✅ Simple dash (-)
- ❌ Fancy symbols (→, ✓, ★)
- ❌ Custom graphics
Contact Information Best Practices
Format your contact info in the main body (NOT in header):
John Smith
(555) 123-4567 | john.smith@email.com | linkedin.com/in/johnsmith
San Francisco, CA
Alternative format (single line):
John Smith • (555) 123-4567 • john.smith@email.com • San Francisco, CA
Don't include: Full street address (city/state is enough), photo (unless applying internationally where it's expected), age, marital status, or "References available upon request"
Section Heading Format
Use standard, ATS-recognizable section titles:
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE or WORK EXPERIENCE
(All caps, bold, 12-14pt, with horizontal line optional)
Professional Experience
(Title case, bold, 12-14pt)
Experience Entry Format
Job Title | Company Name | City, State | Month Year - Month Year
- Achievement-focused bullet point with metrics
- Another accomplishment demonstrating impact
- Third bullet showing relevant skill or responsibility
Alternative format:
Company Name – City, State
Job Title | Month Year - Month Year
- Bullet points...
File Format: PDF vs. Word
Use PDF When:
- Submitting through online portals
- Emailing directly to hiring managers
- The job posting doesn't specify
- You want to preserve exact formatting
Use Word (.docx) When:
- The job posting specifically requests it
- Applying through older ATS systems
- Recruiter requests Word format
💡 Best Practice: Save both versions. Use PDF by default, but have the Word version ready if requested.
File Naming Convention
Good file names:
John_Smith_Resume.pdfJohn_Smith_Software_Engineer_Resume.pdfJSmith_Resume_2026.pdf
Bad file names:
Resume.pdf(too generic)Resume_Final_v3_UPDATED.pdf(unprofessional)My Resume!.pdf(special characters, informal)
One Page vs. Two Pages?
One Page Is Best For:
- 0-7 years of experience
- Recent graduates
- Career changers
- Most individual contributor roles
Two Pages Is Acceptable For:
- 8+ years of experience
- Senior/executive roles
- Academic/research positions
- Highly technical roles with extensive projects
Never go to two pages by just a few lines. Either cut content to fit one page or expand to fill two pages properly.
Adding Visual Interest (Without Breaking ATS)
You CAN make your resume visually appealing while staying ATS-friendly:
- Use bold text strategically: For company names, job titles, section headings
- Add subtle horizontal lines: Under section headings (using underscores or dashes)
- Use consistent indentation: Creates visual hierarchy
- Strategic white space: Makes resume easier to scan
- Slight color accent: Very subtle (dark blue/gray) for your name or section dividers
Testing Your Resume Format
The Copy-Paste Test
- Open your resume PDF
- Select all text and copy it
- Paste into a plain text editor (Notepad/TextEdit)
- Check if it's readable and in logical order
If the text is scrambled or missing, your formatting needs work.
Use ResumeVera's ATS Checker
Upload your resume to get a score and specific feedback on formatting issues.
Common Formatting Mistakes
❌ Avoid These Errors
- Inconsistent formatting: Different fonts, sizes, or styles within sections
- Overdone bold/italic: Too much emphasis = no emphasis
- Tiny fonts to fit more: Hiring managers won't read 8pt text
- Cramming too much: White space is good
- Creative but unreadable: Design should enhance, not distract
- Inconsistent dates: Pick one format (MM/YYYY) and stick to it
Quick Formatting Checklist
Before submitting your resume:
- Contact info in main body (not header/footer)
- Standard font, 10-12pt body text
- Consistent formatting throughout
- Standard section headings
- Simple bullet points
- No tables, text boxes, or columns
- File named professionally
- Saved as PDF (unless Word requested)
- Passed the copy-paste test
- 1-2 pages (no half pages)
Want to test your resume formatting?
Remember: The best resume format is one that's easy for ATS to parse AND easy for humans to scan. When in doubt, simpler is better. Focus your creativity on your content, not your design.
